HYPERMAIL

NAME

hypermail − convert mail archives in UNIX box format to HTML pages

SYNOPSIS

hypermail [−AgiMptTuvVxX1] [−m mailbox] [−d directory] [−l label] [−L language] [−a URL] [−b URL] [−c file] [−n listaddress] [−o keyword=value] [−s htmlsuffix] [−0 number] [mailbox]

DESCRIPTION

hypermail is a program that takes a file of mail messages in UNIX mailbox format and generates a set of cross-referenced HTML documents. Each file that is created represents a separate message in the mail archive and contains links to other articles, so that the entire archive can be browsed in a number of ways by following links. Archives generated by Hypermail can be incrementally updated, and Hypermail is set by default to only update archives when changes are detected.

Each HTML file that is generated for a message contains (where applicable): the subject of the article, the name and email address of the sender, the date the article was sent, links to the next and previous messages in the archive, a link to the message the article is in reply to, and a link to the message next in the current thread.

In addition, Hypermail will convert references in each message to email addresses and URLs to hyperlinks so they can be selected. Email addresses will be converted to mailto: URLs, or links to a CGI mail program.

To complement each set of HTML messages, four index files are created which sort the articles by date received, thread, subject, and author. Each entry in these index files are links to the individual articles and provide a bird’s-eye view of every archived message:
date.html

The index of articles sorted by the date they were received by the mail daemon.

thread.html

The index of articles sorted by thread first, then the date they were received.

subject.html

The index of articles sorted by subject. Any Re: prefixes in front of subjects will have been stripped out.

author.html

is the index of articles sorted by the first word of the author’s name. If the author’s name can’t be determined, their email address will be substituted.

One of the index files will be called index.html and is the default index that users can go to when entering the archive. In the specified directory, articles will be read out in the order that they were read from a mailbox or standard input. Filenames start at zero and increase in this fashion: 0000.html, 0001.html, 0002.html, etc.

OPTIONS

	−a URL		This option includes a link labelled Other mail archives in the index pages to the specified URL. This way users who are looking at the Hypermail archive have the opportunity to go to pointers to other mail archives. By default, this is a link to the parent directory which holds the archive files.
	−A		Use this to maintain a parallel mbox archive. The file name defaults to mbox in the directory specified by -d or dir.
	−b URL		This option includes a link labelled About this archive in the index pages to the specified URL. This way users who are looking at the Hypermail archive have the opportunity to go to information about the archive.

−c file

This option specifies a configuration file to read settings from. By default, Hypermail will look for a file called .hmrc in the user’s home directory.

−d directory

Specifies the directory to put the HTML files and index files that are created. If the directory doesn’t exist, a new one will be created with the name that is specified. If the −d option isn’t used, Hypermail will look for a directory with the same name as the input mailbox or will create one if needed.

	−g		Use this to use gdbm to implement a header cache. This will speed up hypermail, especially if your filesystem is slow. It will probably not provide any speedup if you use the linkquotes option.
	−i		Reads in articles from standard input.

−l label

This option tells Hypermail what to call the archive − the name that is specified will be in the title of the index pages so users know what sort of messages are being archived.

−L language

This is a two-letter string specifying the default language to use, or a longer string specifying a language and locale. Set this the value of the language table you wish to use when running and generating archives. See also the iso2022jp and eurodate config file options.
Current supported languages, with their default locales:
de (de_DE) - German
en (en_US) - English
es (es_ES) - Spanish
fi (fi_FI) - Finnish
fr (fr_FR) - French
el (el) - Greek
gr (el_GR) - Greek
is (is_IS) - Icelandic
no (no_NO) - Norwegian
pl (pl_PL) - Polish
pt (pt_BR) - Brazilian Portuguese
ru (ru_RU) - Russian
sv (sv_SE) - Swedish

−m mailbox

Specifies the mailbox to read articles in from. By default, Hypermail will look for a file called mbox.

−M

This option allows you to use metadata to store the content type of a MIME attachments and, later on, when a user browses the attachment, send back this information in the HTTP Content-Type header. When used, the Content-Type header of a MIME attachment will be stored in a metadata file.

−n submission-address

This is the list´s submission address. In this manner people will be able to submit new messages to the list the hypermail archive serves.

−o keyword=value

This is a means of setting any variable that can be specified in a config file.

−p

This shows a progress report as Hypermail reads in and writes out messages − the number of files that Hypermail is reading and writing and the file names of the directory and files created are shown.

−s htmlsuffix

Use this to specify the html file suffix to be used when Hypermail generates the html files. This is dependent on local needs. Do not put a ’.’ in the value. It would result in "file..html", probably not what you want.

	−t		This will tell Hypermail to generate an index menu at the top and bottom of each page in a table format.
	−T		This will tell Hypermail to generate a message index Subject/Author/Date listings using a table format.
	−u		This option tells Hypermail to add message(s) to the end of the existing HTML file archive and integrate them into it by links and cross-references. All archive index files will be regenerated to include the new message.

Hypermail used to require that you only send it one message at a time when using the -u option, but it should now work reasonably when given mailboxes containing multiple messages.
When using the -u option, don’t send any messages that Hypermail has already processed. If you want Hypermail to recognize that some messages are old messages that shouldn’t be added to the archive again, send it a mailbox with a complete set of messages and avoid the -u option.

	−v		This shows a the variables and their values that Hypermail will use when.
	−V		This shows the version information for the executing Hypermail. Once displayed, Hypermail exits without doing any processing.
	−x		This tells Hypermail to explicitly overwrite any previous HTML files that may exist. Use this option only when it is desirable to completely rewrite the entire archive.
	−X		Use this to let hypermail write an XML archive overview file in each directory. The filename is archive_overview.haof.

−0 number

This is a message number that should be deleted from the html archive. The mbox is not changed.
See the delete_level config file option for more info about what happens to the message.

−1

Use this to specify there is only one message in the input.

GENERAL EXECUTION NOTES
Note: No matter what options are specified, the index files are always rewritten. The date when Hypermail was last run is included in index pages, so it’s easy to tell when the archive was last updated.

Note: The −i and −m options cannot be used together. Only archives in UNIX mailbox format can be read in - mailboxes of this kind are usually appended RFC2822-compliant articles separated by lines such as "\nFrom person@site Mon Jan 10 12:34:56 1994".

Note: If the mailbox that is being read from is an archive that new messages are always being added to, don’t use the −u option. Hypermail will then read in all the messages given it but will only write new messages that have been appended to the mailbox.

CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
The following settings can be read in as environment variables or from the specified configuration file. Environment settings are in uppercase. For instance, in the C shell, variables can be set as:

setenv HM_MBOX /home/john/my_mailbox
setenv HM_FILEMODE 0600

In the configuration file, blank lines and lines beginning with a hash mark (#) are ignored. Variables must be in lowercase and separated by values with an equals (=) sign, such as:

mbox = /home/john/my_mailbox
filemode = 0600

Settings are read in this order: from the program’s hard-wired internal defaults, from environment variables, from the configuration file, from command-line options.

See hmrc.4 for more information on configuration file usage.

Below is a partial list of variables that Hypermail understands. A full list is available in the file hmrc.html, or you can also look in setup.c. Boolean numbers can have the value of 0 or 1.
HM_CONFIGFILE filename

This is the default configuration file to read settings in from. This can only be specified as an environment variable. If the first character is "~", Hypermail will look for the file under the current user’s home directory.

HM_MBOX filename

This is the default mailbox to read messages in from. Define this with a value of NONE to read from standard input as the default.

HM_ARCHIVES URL

This will create a link in the archived index pages labelled Other mail archives to the specified URL. Define as NONE to omit such a link.

HM_ABOUT URL

This will create a link in the archived index pages labelled About this archive to the specified URL. Define as NONE to omit such a link.

HM_REVERSE boolean_number

Defining this variable as 1 will reverse-sort the article entries in the date and thread index files by the date they were received. That is, the most recent messages will appear at the top of the index rather than the other way around.

HM_SHOWHEADERS boolean_number

Define this as 1
to show the article header lines in the archived HTML files. These lines typically include the To:, From: and Subject: information found in most email messages.

HM_SHOWHTML 0, 1, or 2

Define as 1 to show the articles in a proportionally-spaced font rather than a fixed-width (monospace) font. Setting this option to 1 also tells Hypermail to attempt to italicize quoted passages in articles. Define as 2 for more complex conversion to html similar to that in txt2html.pl. Showhtml = 2 will normally produce nicer looking results than showhtml = 1, and showhtml = 0 will look pretty dull, but 1 and 2 run risks of altering the appearance in undesired ways.

HM_SHOWBR boolean_number

Define as 1 to place <br> tags at the end of article lines. Otherwise, all non-quoted article lines will word wrap. This only takes effect if HM_SHOWHTML is defined.

HM_IQUOTES boolean_number

Define as 1 to italicize quoted lines.

HM_SHOW_MSG_LINKS boolean_number

Define as 1 to put the individual message links at the top of the individual message pages. Define as 0 to produce pages without the Next, Previous, Reply, In reply to, etc. links.

HM_EURODATE boolean_number

Define as 1 to display article received dates with days before months instead of months before days.

HM_SHOWREPLIES boolean_number

Define as 1 to show all replies to a message as links in article files.

HM_MAILTO address

The address of the contact point that is put in the HTML header line
<LINK REV=made HREF=mailto:MAILTO>
The <LINK...> header can be disabled by default by setting HM_MAILTO to "NONE".

HM_MAILCOMMAND command

This specifies the mail command to use when converting email addresses to links. The variables $TO, $SUBJECT, and $ID can be used in constructing the command string. $TO represents the address to send mail to, $SUBJECT represents the subject that is being replied to, and $ID represents the message ID of the article that is being replied to. If defined as NONE , email addresses will not be converted to links in articles. A possible command one could use is mailto:$TO , but this could easily be changed to specify a CGI program such as /cgi-bin/mail?to=$TO . A CGI mail program is included with the source which can be used for this purpose.

HM_DOMAINADDR domainname

Set this to the domainname you want added to a mail address appearing in the RFC2822 field which lack a hostname. When the list resides on the same host as the user sending the message, it is often not required of the MTA to domain-ize these addresses for delivery. In such cases, Hypermail will add the DOMAINADDR to the email address. If defined as NONE , this feature is turned off.

HM_LABEL label name

Define this as the default label to put in archives.

HM_DIR directory

This is the default directory that Hypermail will look for when creating and updating archives. If defined as NONE the directory will have the same name as the input mailbox.

HM_DIRMODE octal_number

This is an octal number that new directories are set to when they are created. If the archives will be made publically available, it’s a good idea to define this as 0755. If files will be updated incrementally with sendmail, this will have to be 0777.

HM_FILEMODE octal_number

This is an octal number that new files are set to when they are created. If the archives will be made publically available, it’s a good idea to define this as 0644.

HM_OVERWRITE boolean_number

Define as 1 to make Hypermail overwrite existing archives by default.

HM_INCREMENT 0, 1, or -1

Define as 1 to append all input messages to the end of existing archives.
Define as 0 for it to read a mailbox that corresponds to the entire archive. (See the mbox_shortened option for an exception to the requirement that it be the entire archive). If there are any existing html messages, it will figure out which ones at the end of the mailbox are new, and add only those that haven’t been converted yet.
Define as -1 to have hypermail figure out whether the input is entirely new messages to be appended or whether it contains messages that are already in the archive. A value of -1 cannot be used with the mbox_shortened option or with the -i command line option or with mbox = NONE.

HM_PROGRESS boolean_number

Define as 1 or as 2 to always show a progress report as Hypermail works. Defined as 2 shows more information about the attachment files created. This is written to stdout.

HM_THRDLEVELS number

This specifies the number of thread levels to outline in the thread index. For instance, if HM_THRDLEVELS is 2, replies to messages will be indented once in the index, but replies to replies, etc., will only be indented once as well.

HM_DEFAULTINDEX type

This specifies the default index that users can view when entering the archive. Valid types are date, thread, author, and subject.

HM_HMAIL submission-address

This is the email address used to send a new message to a hypermail archive. "NONE" means don’t use it. Since this is different for each hypermail archive, you should probably leave it set to "NONE" here, and let it be specified at runtime by command-line parameters in the list specific configfile.

HM_IHTMLHEADERFILE path

Define path as the path to a file containing valid HTML formatting statements that you wish to included at the top of every index page. Hypermail will print this file as the header of the index so make sure it contains <HTML>, <HEAD>, <BODY> and other statements that suit your local customized needs.

HM_IHTMLFOOTERFILE path

Define path as the path to a file containing valid HTML formatting statements that you wish to included at the bottom of every index page. Hypermail will print this file as the trailer of the index so make sure it contains at a minimum a </BODY> and </HTML> statement.

HM_MHTMLHEADERFILE path

Define path as the path to a file containing valid HTML formatting statements that you wish to included at the top of every message page. Hypermail will print this file as the header of the message so make sure it contains <HTML>, <HEAD>, <BODY> and other statements that suit your local customized needs.

HM_MHTMLFOOTERFILE path

Define path as the path to a file containing valid HTML formatting statements that you wish to included at the bottom of every message page. Hypermail will print this file as the trailer of the message so make sure it contains at a minimum a </BODY> and </HTML> statement.

HM_SHOW_HEADERS list of headers to display

Define the list of headers to be displayed if the variable HM_SHOWHEADERS is set to 1 (ON). This is a comma or space separated all on a single line such as

show_headers = From,Subject,Date,Message-ID

or they can be listed individually or any combination of.

show_headers = From
show_headers = Subject
show_headers = Date
show_headers = Message-ID

As a special case you can use the identifier ‘‘*’’ as header to tell hypermail to display all header lines.

HM_INLINE_TYPES image data types to inline

This is the list of MIME types that you want inlined as opposed to simply linked into the message. They can be listed individually on multiple lines or comma or space separated on a single line.

inline_types = image/gif image/jpeg
or
inline_types = image/gif inline_types = image/jpeg

HM_IGNORE_TYPES indicate attachment types to ignore

This is the list of MIME attachment types that you do not want to do anything with. They are quietly ignored. They can be listed individually on multiple lines or comma or space separated on a single line.

ignore_types = text/x-vcard application/x-msdownload
or
ignore_types = text/x-vcard
ignore_types = application/x-msdownload

HM_LINKQUOTES boolean_number

Set this to On to create fine-grained links from quoted text to the text where the quote originated. It also improves the threads index file by more accurately matching messages with replies. Note that this may be rather cpu intensive (see the searchbackmsgnum option to alter the performance).

HM_SEARCHBACKMSGNUM postive integer

If the linkquotes option is on and an incremental update is being done (-u option), this controls the tradeoff between speed and the reliability of finding the right source for quoted text. Try to set it to the largest number of messages between a message and the final direct reply to that message.

HM_LINK_TO_REPLIES text used to indicate links to replies

If the linkquotes option is on, specifying a string here causes it to generate links from original quoted text the location(s) in replies which quote them. The string is used to display the link.

HM_QUOTE_HIDE_THRESHOLD percent (integer)

If the linkquotes option is on, setting this to an integer less than 100 will cause it to replace quoted text with one-line links if the percent of lines in the message body (exluding the signature) consisting of quoted text exceeds the number indicated by this option.

HM_QUOTE_LINK_STRING text to appear in place of quoted text

If the quote_hide_threshold option is being used, the quote_link_string will be used if available to display the link that replaces the quoted text. If no string is specified here, the first line of each section of quoted text will used.

HM_MONTHLY_INDEX = boolean_number

Set this to On to create additional index files broken up by month. A summary.html file will provide links to all the monthly indices.

HM_YEARLY_INDEX = boolean_number

Set this to On to create additional index files broken up by year. A summary.html file will provide links to all the yearly indices.

HM_THREAD_FILE_DEPTH = 0 or 1

If nonzero, break the threads index file into multiple files, with the initial message of each thread in the main index file along with links to files containing the replies. Setting this to 1 creates one file for each thread that has replies, and is recommended for archives with over a few hundred messages. Setting this greater than 1 will produce multiple levels of files for each thread whose replies are nested by more than 1 level, but that is rarely useful. This option is currently disabled if the indextable option is turned on, and probably needs to be less than thrdlevels.

BUGS

Sorting: In the date and thread index files, note that these lists are sorted by the date the articles were received by the system’s mail daemon, not by the date they were written on. The order of articles in the date index may not necessarily match the order in which the article files are written and linked together. Because of this, it is a good idea to make sure the mailbox is sorted by date with the most recent messages towards the bottom.

Forwarded messages with bad headers may be incorrectly handled.

AUTHORS

Hypermail was originally designed and developed by Tom Gruber <gruberATintraspectDOTcom> for Enterprise Integration Technologies (EIT) in Common Lisp. It was later rewritten in C by Kevin Hughes <kevATkevcomDOTcom> while at EIT. Kevin passed on−going development and support for Hypermail to Kent Landfield <kentATlandfieldDOTcom>.

The latest documentation can usually be found at
.B http://www.hypermail.org/
but you might also want to check the cvs repository which is the first place that changes become available:
.B http://cvs.hypermail.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/hypermail/docs/

CREDITS

I’d like to thank the members of the Hypermail Development list for their continued encouragement, ideas, bug fixes and participation. Additionally, following people should be noted for their work and contributions to the hypermail development. This list is far from complete ...

Bob Crispen <bob DOT crispen AT boeing DOT com>
Ashley M. Kirchner <ashley AT pcraft DOT com>
Darci Chapman <minerva AT phix DOT com>
Byron C. Darrah <bdarr AT sse DOT FU DOT HAC DOT COM>
Dave Kopper <dave AT birman DOT com>
Daniel Stenberg <Daniel DOT Stenberg AT haxx DOT nu>
I.Ioannou <roryt AT hol DOT gr>
Elliot Lee <sopwith AT redhat DOT com>
Martin Schulze <joey AT infodrom DOT north DOT de>
Jay Soffian <jay AT cimedia DOT com>
Jared Reisinger <feety AT hhhh DOT org>
Peter C. McCluskey <pcm AT rahul DOT net>
Roy T. Fielding <fielding AT kiwi DOT ics DOT uci DOT edu>
Roy Tennant <rtennant AT library DOT berkeley DOT edu>
Jose Kahan <jose AT w3 DOT org>
Bjarni R. Einarsson <bre AT netverjar DOT is>
Francisco Iacobelli <fiacobelli AT ibersis DOT cl>
Nicolas Noble <pixels AT chez DOT com>
Scott Rose <srose AT direct DOT ca>
Greg Shenaut <greg AT bogslab DOT ucdavis DOT edu>
W. Tasin <tasin AT fhm DOT edu>
Darryl Lee <lee AT darryl DOT com>
Paul Haldane <Paul DOT Haldane AT newcastle DOT ac DOT uk>
Andreas Fuchs <asf AT ycom DOT at>
David D Kilzer <ddkilzer AT ti DOT com>
Tim Witham <twitham AT pcocd2 DOT intel DOT com>
Jyrki Kuoppala <jkp AT kaapeli DOT fi>
Bernhard Reiter <bernhard AT climate2 DOT geog DOT uwm DOT edu>
Hisashi Gotoh <gotoh AT horae DOT dti DOT ne DOT jp>
David Eisner <cradle AT glue DOT umd DOT edu>
Andy Yoder <ayoder AT heisenbug DOT org>
Peter Karlsson <peter AT softwolves DOT pp DOT se>
Moritz Willers <Moritz DOT Willers AT ubsw DOT com>
David Bau <davidbau AT hotmail DOT com>
Brian Kirkby <bkirkby AT Concentrico DOT net>
William King <William DOT King AT dadaboom DOT com>